Things You Should Know Before You Adopt or Foster a Dog

Adopting or fostering a dog can be one of the most rewarding experiences of your life. You’re giving a companion a second chance—and often, a first chance at love. But before you bring a new canine home, there are a few important truths every potential adopter or foster should understand.

This isn’t about scaring anyone away—it’s about setting you and your new dog up for success. Understanding breed tendencies, environment, training needs, and how human choices shape behavior can make all the difference between a happy, well-adjusted dog and one that struggles or lashes out.

1. Breed Reputation Isn’t the Whole Story

When people research dogs, one of the first things they notice are “breed rankings” for bites or aggression. It’s true that certain breeds—like Pit Bull–type dogs, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds—show up more often in attack reports.

But here’s what you need to know:
These findings don’t prove that specific breeds are inherently more dangerous. They reflect a mix of popularity, owner behavior, and misidentification.

• Popularity matters. The more dogs of a breed there are, the more opportunities for bites to be reported.

• Owner influence matters even more. Some breeds are chosen for guarding or protection, and when left untrained or unsocialized, those instincts can become problems.

• Breed labeling is messy. “Pit bull” isn’t one breed—it’s a loose label covering multiple types and mixes that “look similar.” Even professionals disagree on what qualifies as a pit bull, and DNA tests often tell a different story.

Takeaway: Don’t let a breed’s reputation—or social media stereotypes—make your decision for you. Focus instead on temperament, training needs, and your ability to meet them.

2. Size Doesn’t Predict Behavior

Big dogs aren’t automatically aggressive, and little dogs aren’t automatically sweet. In fact, smaller dogs—like Dachshunds and Chihuahuas—often score higher for owner-directed or fear-based aggression than large breeds. They just cause fewer serious injuries when they bite, so their behavior is underreported.

Large breeds, on the other hand, may bite less often—but when they do, the injuries can be more severe because of their strength and size.

Lesson: Focus on behavior, not size. A 10-pound terrier with no boundaries can be a handful, while a 70-pound shepherd with good training can be gentle and predictable.

3. Every Dog Has Instincts—You Just Need to Understand Them

Dogs were bred for specific jobs: guarding, herding, retrieving, or companionship. Those instincts don’t disappear when they move into your home.

A herding breed might chase or nip at kids when they run. A guarding breed may bark or act defensively when strangers approach. A terrier might dig or chase small animals because that’s what they were born to do.

Understanding your dog’s background is key. Instincts aren’t bad—they just need direction through training and positive reinforcement.

4. The Real Cause of Most Dog Bites Isn’t Breed—It’s Human Behavior

The most comprehensive studies on dog bites show that human factors—not breed—cause most serious incidents.

Common threads include:

• No able-bodied person present to intervene

• Dogs left unsocialized or isolated

• Intact (unneutered) males

• Children or elderly victims unable to protect themselves

• Owners with histories of neglect or abuse

All of these factors are preventable. If you plan to adopt or foster, commit to proper care, training, and socialization. That’s how you keep everyone—dog included—safe.

5. “Aggression” and “Attack” Aren’t the Same Thing

You’ll see the words used interchangeably, but they mean very different things.

• Aggression is a display: growling, snarling, or snapping without contact. It’s communication—a warning sign.

• An attack means contact—a bite or injury that breaks skin or causes harm.

Even small dogs may act aggressively (growl or nip) far more often than big ones, but they rarely appear in serious-attack statistics because their bites cause less damage.

Tip: Learn to recognize early warning signs of stress—stiff body, lip licking, avoidance, or a low growl. These are your dog’s way of saying, “I’m uncomfortable.” Listen before it escalates.

6. Responsible Ownership Prevents Almost Every Bite

You can’t control everything—but you can control training, socialization, and management.

• Socialize early. The first 16 weeks of life are critical for puppies to learn what’s safe and normal.

• Train kindly and consistently. Use positive reinforcement to build trust and self-control.

• Supervise. Never leave dogs unsupervised with young children, unfamiliar people, or other pets until you know their comfort level.

• Neuter when appropriate. Intact males are involved in 70–76% of reported bite incidents.

• Respect their space. Every dog deserves a quiet, safe spot where they can retreat.

Good training and stable environments save lives.

7. Don’t Rely on Breed Bans or Myths

Some cities still enforce breed-specific legislation (BSL), banning breeds like Pit Bulls or Rottweilers. But research shows these laws don’t reduce bite rates—they just punish appearances.

Major animal welfare organizations, including the AVMA and ASPCA, support breed-neutral laws that focus on owner accountability, leash compliance, and humane education.

If your community has restrictions, know them before adopting—and advocate for behavior-based solutions, not fear-based bans.

8. Adopting the Right Dog for You

Before you foster or adopt, ask yourself:

• Do I have the time for training and exercise?

• Can I afford veterinary care, food, and insurance?

• Am I ready to commit to a dog that might have trauma, fears, or special needs?

• Does my lifestyle match this dog’s energy level and instincts?

Meet dogs more than once, talk to shelter or rescue staff, and ask honest questions about temperament. The goal isn’t a “perfect” dog—it’s a good fit.

9. The Bottom Line

No dog is born dangerous. Behavior develops through genetics, environment, training, and—most importantly—human influence. Whether you adopt a Pit Bull, a Rottweiler, a German Shepherd, or a mixed-breed pup, your guidance shapes their story.

Adopting or fostering is an act of love and responsibility. When you understand what drives canine behavior, you don’t just save a life—you build a safer, happier home for everyone.

The Canine Corner and Companion Animal Advocates, NJ - 
Promoting education, compassion, and responsible ownership—one dog at a time.